The penetration of Electric Vehicles (EV) is improving and shall soon represent an important market share in the car market. Car prices, range and public charging stations represent the biggest challenge for the adoptions of EV cars. This page concentrate on Public Networks.
Ecosystem:
Service Matrix:
| Roles | Definitions |
| Surrounding Model | |
| Charging Station Environment | All components related to Charging Station Hardware. |
| – Charging Station Type | Charging Station Type are categorised by the type of Power output and current (AC or DC). |
| – Access Type | This does represent the medium to access a public station. These are generally RFID card reader, QR codes or simply via a Smartphone Application. |
| – Communication (M2M) | This is the communication medium to manage Smart Charging Stations. These works over M2M (Machine to Machine) mobile data SIM card. |
| Network Management Systems | Systems to Manage Charging Stations. |
| – Backend Systems | Software system to manage, diagnose and operate Charging Stations over distance. |
| – TT Systems | Software system to manage lists of issues with charging stations. These tickets will be shared with technical intervention units or service expert. |
| Customer Service: | Customer organisation to support EV Driver. |
| – Network Assistance | Assistance organisation to support public Charging Station Network. |
| – Car Assistance | Support organisation for Drivers. These are generally sold as care systems for cars. |
| Customer Management Systems: | System used by Customer Service to Manage Charging Station Networks. |
| – ERP (Billing Systems) | Enterprise resource planning (ERP) which do manage all Authorization and link to Billing Systems. |
| – CRM | Customer Relationship Systems. |
| Payment Systems: | These are all payment methods to pay Charging transactions. |
| -Credit Card | Credit Card such as Visa, Master Card… |
| -SMS | Pay Number used with Mobile Phones. |
| -NFC | Near Field Communication (NFC) used in conjunction with “Google Wallet” or “Apple Pay”. |
| Roaming Platforms: | Platform to connect with Charging Station Operators and Emobility Providers. |
| – Hubject | German Roaming Platform active mainly in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Nordic countries. |
| – Gireve | French Roaming Platform mainly active in France. |
| Energy Provider: | Company to provide energy for Charging Stations. |
| – Electricity utility | Producer and the Delivery company of energy (electricity). |
| – PV | Photovoltaics (PV) use the conversion of light into electricity to produce electricity. |
| Core Model | |
| Driver | EV Driver |
| Charging Station | Public Charging Station |
| Charging Station Owner | Owner of a Public Charging Station. This could be a Parking, Restaurant or at any Public space. |
| Charging Station Operator (CSO) | Charging Station Operators (Operators) do connect Charging Station to a Network and maintain it. |
| Emobility Provider (EMP) | An EMP; Emobility Provider is a service provider for Driver. These companies do give access to Public Charging Station. |
Market Drivers:
1. Attractive cars
2. Charging technologies
3. Efficient home and public charging stations
Challenges:
1. High Car Price
2. Low Range of cars
3. Availability of public charging stations
Glossary:
| Names | Definitions |
| CDR | CDR: Charging Detail Records are the charging transaction detail that is produced after every charging process |
| Charge Point | The Charge Point is the physical system where an electric vehicle can be charged. A Charge Point will have one or more connectors |
| Charging Station | The unit where an electric vehicle is charged. A Charging Station consists of one or more charging spots (EVSE) |
| Connector | The term “Connector”, as used in OCPP specification, refers to an independently operated and managed electrical outlet on a Charge Point. This usually corresponds to a single physical connector, but in some cases, a single outlet may have multiple physical socket types and/or tethered cable/connector arrangements |
| CPMS | Charge Point Management System is the name of the Central System or back office controlling the Charging Points |
| CPO or CSO (Operator) | Charge Point Operator: Mobility partner who operates the charging infrastructure. They are sometimes called CSO (Charging Station Operators too) |
| CS | Acronym for Charging Station |
| EMP or MSP (Provider) | Electric Mobility (eMobility) Provider or Mobility Service provider: Mobility partner who provides eMobility services to customers |
| ERP | ERP is the acronym for Enterprise Resource Planning (CRM, accounting system, human ressources…) |
| EV | Acronym for electric vehicle |
| EV market players | EV market players represent all market players: Driver, EMP, eRoaming, CSO, Site owner and charging stations |
| EVCO | Electric Vehicle Contract: Contract between an EMP and a customer |
| EVCOID | Electric Vehicle Contract Identifier |
| EVSE | Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: EVSE is a synonym of Charging Point. EVSEID Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Identifier |
| EVSEID | Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Identifier. An EVSEID identifies a Charging Point |
| M2M | Machine to Machine are specific SIM cards used for data exchange between two machines. We do use these cards between Central System and Charging Stations |
| OCPI | Open Charge Point Interface protocol (OCPI) is an open protocol supporting connections between EMP who have EV drivers as customers and CSO who manages Charging station. This protocol enable eRoaming between EV charging networks |
| OCPP | Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) is an application protocol for communication between EV Charging Stations and a central management system, also known as a Charging Station network |
| OpenADR | Open Automated Demand Response (OpenADR) is a standards for energy management. The solution defines parameters and information to manage the electricity network wiht demand response capabilities |
| Site Owner or Site Host | Site Owner/Site Host: Site Owners or Site Hosts are the physical owner of charging stations |
